‘Hypertension’

Types of Hypertension

Sunday, June 13th, 2010

Types of Hypertension Here are two types of hypertension. Over 90% of cases has no known single cause and therefore is called essential hypertension, primary or idiopathic. It is the suffering the vast majority of patients. In a small group, you can identify a cause, sometimes treatable, responsible for increasing blood pressure levels, it is secondary hypertension, the causes are listed in the table below.

*Hypertension of renal origin

1.Chronic pyelonephritis.
2.Acute or chronic glomerulonephritis.
3.Polycystic kidney disease.
4.Renovascular stenosis.
5.Renin-producing tumors.
6.Unilateral renal disease: segmental atrophy, renal tumor, others …
7.Primary retention of sodium: Liddel syndrome or Gordon.
8.Nephritis of various etiologies.
9.Connective and vasculitis: systemic lupus, scleroderma …
10.Diabetic nephropathy.

* Hypertension of endocrine origin
1. Adrenal cortical hyperfunction (Cushing, primary aldosteronism, primary adrenogenital syndrome …)
2. Medullary hyperfunction adrenal pheochromocytoma
3. Acromegaly
4. Hypo / hyperthyroidism
5. Hypercalcemia
6. Hyperparathyroidism
7. Hemangioendothelioma
8. Extra-adrenal chromaffin tumor
9. Carcinoid Tumor

* Hypertension of psychogenic origin
1. Stress
2. Surgery
3. Severe head injury
4. Serious.

* Neurological Hypertension:
1. Diencephalic syndrome
2. Autonomic nervous system dysfunction.
3. Poliomyelitis
4. Polyneuritis. (Guillain-Barre syndrome, lead poisoning, acute intermittent porphyria)
5. Increased intracranial pressure
6. Section acute spinal cord
7. Sleep apnea.

* Drug-induced Hypertension
1. Sympathomimetics
2. Licorice
3. Interactions Monoamine oxidase inhibitors with tyramine-rich foods (cheese, chocolate, beer …)
4. Tricyclic antidepressants
5. Thallium poisoning.
6. NSAIDs.
7. Corticosteroids
8. Oral contraceptives (estrogen)
9. Cyclosporine A
10. Erythropoietin

* Increased intravascular volume
1. Transfusion
2. Serum therapy
3. Polycythemia.

* Vascular changes
1. Coarctation of aorta
2. Arteriovenous Fistula
3. Aortic insufficiency

* Pregnancy-related hypertension.
* Hypertension-related substances of abuse: alcohol, cocaine …

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Classification and Subtypes of Hypertension

Thursday, June 10th, 2010

Subtypes of HypertensionIsolated systolic hypertension (ISH)

As adults get older, systolic BP tends to rise and the diastolic BP tends to decrease. Where the average systolic BP greater than or equal to 140 and the average diastolic BP less than 90 mmHg the patient is classified as having SAH. The growth of the pulse pressure (systolic minus diastolic) and systolic pressure predict risk and determine treatment.

Isolated systolic hypertension in the young patient

In older children and young adults, males more often in the combination of a fast growing stature and the high elasticity of the arteries accentuates the normal amplification of the pulse wave between the aorta and the brachial artery (which measures the PA), resulting in a high systolic pressure in the brachial artery but with normal diastolic and mean pressures. However, aortic systolic pressure is normal. (more…)

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Procedure for Taking Blood Pressure

Monday, June 7th, 2010

Blood PressureIf you suffer from hypertension, a necessary part of treatment is to monitor blood pressure, which can be done at home, through devices called sphygmomanometers.

There are many types sphygmomanometers, but in general they all include an inflatable rubber bladder covered by a fabric sleeve, and a pressure measurement system connected to the cuff, either in a column of mercury or a metal diaphragm system. Sphygmomanometers are complemented with a normal stethoscope stethoscope or which may be included in the unit or be a separate item.

To take the pressure, sit quietly 5 minutes, without smoking or drinking coffee with an empty bladder. (more…)

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How do I prevent Hypertension?

Friday, June 4th, 2010

HypertensionAlthough high blood pressure can not be definitively cured, there are a number of lifestyle which, together with the action of anti hypertensive drugs, they can substantially control and avoid its consequences. Here are a number of useful advice for the prevention of hypertension and its control.

* Any adult over 40 years should regularly monitor your blood pressure. Moreover, if their parents or grandparents were hypertensive.
* Many hypertensive patients have normalized their blood pressure to reach your ideal weight. Avoid obesity.
* If your life is sedentary and physically very active, discover the pleasure of regular exercise and, if possible, outdoors. But remember to always adapt to their real possibilities: do not do more than you physically can.
* Reduce the level of salt in the preparation of their meals. Avoid also salty foods.
* Minimize animal fat in your diet and make it rich in vegetables, legumes, fruit and fiber.
* Do not smoke and avoid smoke polluted environments snuff. Invite the people around you stop smoking.
* Moderate consumption of alcoholic beverages. Do not take more than one or two glasses of wine a day and, at most, one drink a week.
* Do not drink too much exciting drinks such as coffee, tea, etc.
* Adhere to the treatment prescribed by your doctor and do not stop without their knowledge. Note the possible side effects attributable to drugs and
tell your doctor.
* Please note that hypertension is a powerful cardiovascular risk factor is enhanced when associated with high cholesterol, diabetes or uric acid. Try
control, in addition to their stress levels, these other risk factors listed.

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What is Hypertension?

Tuesday, June 1st, 2010

HypertensionWhen your heart beats, it pumps blood into your arteries and creates pressure in ellas.Dicha pressure is getting the blood to circulate throughout the body.

Every time you take the tension given two figures. The first recorded systolic blood pressure (that which occurs in the arteries when the heart beats) and the second, the diastolic pressure (that which is recorded when the heart rests between beats).

If the pressure rises above the normal limit – and could be coded in 140/90 in adults – there is what we call high blood pressure is a very common disease worldwide that affects more than 20 percent of adults between 40 and 65 and nearly 50 percent and those over 65. (more…)

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What is Hypertension?

Sunday, February 21st, 2010

What is Hypertension?

Hypertension is increasing pressure numbers (blood) pressure above certain values that change with age.

Usually said that a person has hypertension where three measurements at random for a month, their values are higher than 140 mmHg systolic blood pressure (SBP or commonly the “high”) and 90 mmHg diastolic blood pressure (DBP or “low”).

The Hypertension is not a disease in itself but is a risk factor for various diseases such as myocardial infarction and cerebral infarction or stroke.

It is important to have controlled blood pressure numbers to avoid different complications of disease and risk for suffering another. There are 2 types of hypertension:

* Essential hypertension: the most common and that is 90% of the population
* Secondary hypertension: to some underlying disease (pej pheochromocytoma)

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